This is one of the most important decisions in any deal, and buyers get it wrong more often than you'd think. In an asset purchase, you buy the things the business owns — equipment, contracts, goodwill — and you generally leave the liabilities behind. In a share purchase, you buy the company itself, which means you inherit everything: assets, contracts, and liabilities, including ones you didn't know about. Buyers often prefer asset deals for that reason. Sellers often prefer share deals for tax reasons. Where you land depends on negotiation — and understanding what you're trading off.